Active or passive? Eight questions before choosing an exoskeleton

The basic difference: where assistance gets its energy

Active exoskeletons may use powered actuators such as motors. Passive systems may use springs or counterbalances driven by human movement. This distinction does not, on its own, establish suitability for a particular task.

Questions to bring to a supplier discussion

This is a suggested comparison worksheet, not a product ranking. Use it to obtain answers from different suppliers in a consistent format.

1. Which movement needs support? Describe picking up, carrying and placing rather than simply 'warehouse work'.
2. Across which movement range is assistance provided? In what posture and setting was the stated value measured?
3. How is the device adjusted for different wearers? Will trials include workwear and other equipment?
4. What restrictions apply to turning, reaching, sitting and changing tasks?
5. What happens after power loss or a fault? How does the wearer remove the device?
6. Who handles charging, cleaning, consumables and daily checks, and how much time is needed?
7. Is there a test report for a comparable task? Is the quoted version the same as the tested prototype?
8. Which criteria will determine whether to proceed, revise the trial or stop?

Do not rely on one size or one demonstration

Wearer fit cannot be reduced to a height range. NIOSH emphasizes assessing fit across different body shapes and tasks.

Record the answers in three columns

Use 'supplier statement', 'evidence reviewed' and 'open question' for each item. An operating-time claim, for example, should be accompanied by the task, settings, battery condition and report version. If a report is missing, record 'unverified' rather than a result. This keeps an impressive demonstration separate from a purchasing decision.

Where does V-UP fit?

V-UP is being developed as a powered, active exoskeleton and is currently an engineering prototype. Request technical information to discuss your task. This guide is not a performance guarantee, a reason to increase lifting limits or a substitute for professional ergonomic assessment.